A framework is a structure on which software can be built. It acts as a foundation, so you aren’t beginning from scratch. Frameworks are often associated with a specific programming language and are suitable for a variety of activities.
Assume you’re constructing a house. You could do the foundation and framing yourself. You could do it, but it would take a long time. But if all of it was already done for you, it would save you a lot of time and effort – especially if a professional home builder did it.
A framework plays a similar function in software development. It has been designed and tested by other Software Developers and Engineers, so you can be confident that it is a solid foundation.
However, a house is not complete with simply the framework. Similarly, a framework serves as a starting point in software development, but it must be supplemented with higher-level functionality to function.
Why are Frameworks Used in Software Development?
A framework’s objective is to aid development by providing standard, low-level functionality so that developers may concentrate on the components that distinguish the project.
High-quality, pre-tested functionality boosts software reliability, shortens programming time, and simplifies testing. Frameworks assist increase security and provide a basis of support by having an active user base and continuing code changes. Frameworks are ultimately utilized to save time and money.
What are the Features of a Good Framework?
There are many different types of frameworks, with some being more popular than others. Developers frequently select frameworks they are most familiar with, but that framework may not be the best fit for the project. Instead, when selecting on the best framework for the project, keep the following features in mind:
- Functionality: Choose a framework that provides the functionality needed for the project at hand, respecting that each framework has its limits and not investing in a framework that does far more than your project will ever need.
- Consistency: A framework that can assist in consistency for large or distributed teams
- Documentation: Choose a framework that has well-documented code and provides implementation training
- Active Community: Frameworks are only as robust as the user base of support. Choose a framework that is well-established with an active user base.
Challenges of Using a Software Framework
Software frameworks can become an expensive crutch if developers are not fluent in the language on which the framework is built or if the developer depends too heavily on the framework rather than custom code. This issue might result in software bloat and poor performance.
There are hazards in selecting a framework that is too young or unsupported, as this may need expensive re-tooling if the framework becomes obsolete. Similarly, if the framework’s limits are poorly understood, this may have an influence on the project.
Types of Programming Frameworks
There are numerous programming frameworks, each based on a programming language and specializing in a specific function, such as working on a web app, database, or mobile app. This section will cover numerous programming frameworks, as well as prominent frameworks for each kind and real-world examples.
1. Web Frameworks
Web application frameworks (WAF) or web frameworks (WF) facilitate the creation of web applications by including web services, web resources, and web APIs. There are various web frameworks for both the front end (how the web app appears) and the back end (how it functions).
A. Front-End Frameworks
Front-end (client-side) frameworks provide basic templates as well as HTML, CSS, and JavaScript components for creating the front end of a website or web app.
i. Angular
What exactly is Angular? Angular is a TypeScript-based open-source web application framework maintained by Google’s Angular Team. Angular has a wide ecosystem of tools and solutions developed by a diverse user base. Angular is great for highly customized and progressive web applications (PWAs).
All 1.X versions of the framework that were formerly JavaScript-based are referred to as AngularJS, with Angular being a complete rebuild utilizing TypeScript for all versions 2 and up. Angular is used by over 1.4 million live websites.
ii. React JS
What exactly is React JS? React JS (React) is an open-source JavaScript framework for creating user interfaces (UI) and associated components. While its narrow emphasis may be restrictive, React is simple to use, has a robust package ecosystem, and is well-suited for feature-rich applications. Facebook and the larger community continue to support React, the most popular front-end framework download in the previous year.
React JS Framework Examples: Facebook, Instagram, Uber, Netflix, Airbnb
iii. Vue JS
What exactly is Vue JS? Vue JS (Vue.js) is another JavaScript-based framework with more freedom in terms of HTML and CSS, as well as the model-view-view model (MVVM) architecture. Vue is simple to learn and has a large support community. Vue is presently the second most popular download, trailing only React but surpassing Angular.
Vue JS Framework Examples: Trustpilot, Nintendo, Behance
B. Back-End Frameworks
Backend (server-side) frameworks offer generic functionalities that may be combined or expanded upon to help with development. The framework will be chosen based on the programming language chosen for growth and the target platform(s).
i. Ruby on Rails
Ruby on Rails is a free and open-source framework based in the Ruby programming language. Ruby is a model-view-controller (MVC) architecture-based programming language that runs on Linux. Ruby is secure and scalable, and it takes advantage of vast third-party libraries to accelerate development.
Ruby on Rails is used by over 17% of the top 10,000 websites.
Ruby on Rails Framework Examples: Airbnb, Kickstarter, BaseCamp, CafePress
ii. PHP Frameworks (Laravel, CodeIgniter, CakePHP)
What exactly are PHP Frameworks? PHP is popular as a back-end programming language because it runs on a variety of systems and is broadly compatible. Laravel, CodeIgniter, and CakePHP are the most popular PHP frameworks.
Laravel has expressive and beautiful syntax, which aids in speedier coding and leverages a strong Blade template engine. CodeIgniter is a lightweight framework with one of the smallest footprints, saving time by requiring less coding. CakePHP is regarded as the “workhorse” of the three; its usage of a scaffolding approach and reliance on convention over configuration reduces development time.
PHP Framework Examples: MyRank (Laravel), Casio (CodeIgniter), Nissan (CodeIgniter), 10FastFingers (CakePHP)
iii. Django
Django is an open-source Python framework that promotes rapid, scalable development and clean design. Django promises to provide everything you require, making it simple to piece together your requirements. Django is well-known for its use in visual effects, gaming, and interactive services.
iv. ASP.NET and ASP.NET Core
What exactly is ASP.NET? Microsoft’s ASP.NET is a cross-platform open-source framework, with ASP.NET Core being a re-implementation as a modular web framework. ASP.net enables online programs and services written in.NET, C#, F#, and Visual Basic.
ASP.Net Framework Examples: Microsoft, StackOverflow, GoDaddy
2. Mobile App Development Frameworks
A mobile development framework (mobile app development framework) facilitates the creation of mobile applications for a particular environment, which might be native (platform-specific), hybrid (native back-end shell with web app front-end), or cross-platform (shared codebase for all). Many mobile app development frameworks are not included here, including Swiftic, Native Scripts, and Ionic.
A. React Native
What exactly is React Native? Facebook produced React Native, an open-source JavaScript UI framework for developing Android, iOS, macOS, tvOS, web, Windows, and UWP applications. For UIs, React Native use the React library, but instead of the browser, it targets mobile platforms.
React Native Framework Examples: Facebook, Skype, Facebook, Instagram, Tesla
B. Flutter
What exactly is Flutter? Flutter is Google’s open-source mobile UI framework for developing cross-platform apps and, more recently, online and desktop (native) apps. Flutter is a contemporary framework based on Dart that is simple to use and uses hot reload to see outcomes in real-time.
Flutter Framework Examples: Amazon, Microsoft, Adobe, eBay, Google ads
C. Xamarin
What exactly is Xamarin? Xamarin is a Microsoft-owned open-source platform for developing apps in C# and.NET. Xamarin is a cross-platform framework that enables the reuse of a common codebase. UI components in Xamarin are converted into platform-specific elements at runtime, resulting in a more native experience for iOS, Android, and Windows.
Xamarin Framework Examples: Alaska Airlines, Microsoft Azure, Outback, BBC Goodfood
D. Ionic
What exactly is Ionic? Ionic is a cross-platform, open-source mobile app development framework. Mobile apps can be created for the Android, iOS, and web platforms. JustWatch, MarketWatch, and Untapped are three Ionic Framework examples.
E. Apache Cordova
What exactly is Apache Cordova? Apache Cordova, formerly known as PhoneGap, is an open-source framework for developing mobile apps with JavaScript, HTML, and CSS. It serves as a link between web technologies and native device capabilities. As a result, you may use this framework to create apps that operate across many platforms while providing native device functionality like as contacts, file systems, cameras, and so on. HealthTap and Trello are two Apache Cordova Framework examples.
3. Content Management Frameworks
A CMS allows users to create, organize, deliver, and edit material such as blog entries, eBooks, mobile apps, and other online solutions. A content management framework (CMF), often known as a CMS platform, is a software application that provides reusable components for managing web content and sharing characteristics of a web app framework and a CMS.
CMS framework decisions include essential aspects like as SEO, personalisation, and security, in addition to pricing, language, and ease of use.
A. WordPress
What exactly is WordPress? WordPress is the most popular free, open-source CMS platform, powering more than 42% of all websites.
WordPress is extremely user-friendly, making it excellent for non-technical users creating a tiny blog or for larger brands supporting everything from microsites to major eCommerce storefronts. Many plug-ins, themes, and extensions provide the foundation for a personalized, adaptable site that has the potential to be fantastic – as long as you use approved, frequently updated plugins.
WordPress Framework Examples: Sony Music, Angry Birds, TechCrunch, The New Yorker, BBC America.
B. Drupal
What exactly is Drupal? Drupal is a free, open-source modular CMS written in PHP that has a significant community of supporters. Drupal, on the other hand, necessitates greater technical knowledge than some other frameworks.
Drupal is noted for its versatile taxonomy, which makes it excellent for projects with a lot of content and/or a lot of community features, as well as large webmaster teams.
Drupal Framework Examples: Arsenal FC, InStyle, Mattel, Tesla, Warner Bros. Records
C. Joomla
What exactly is Joomla? Joomla is a free open-source content management system (CMS) that, like Drupal and WordPress, is simple to customize with templates and extensions. For non-technical users, Joomla is easier to use than Drupal but more complex than WordPress. Joomla is the third most popular CMS platform, comes pre-optimized for SEO, and has a stellar security track record.
Joomla Framework Examples: IKEA, LINUX, Holiday Inn, Harvard University
D. Kentico
What exactly is Kentico? Kentico is a commercial framework/platform created in ASP.NET and Microsoft SQL Server that allows for quicker setup and more ready-made solutions. Kentico makes use of simple page creation and editing features.
Kentico Framework Examples: Skype.com, NewsMax, Swagger.io, Gibson, First American Bank
4. Data Science Frameworks
Data science is a vast field concerned with extracting knowledge from data using statistics, scientific methods, algorithms, or systems. Today, data science is a burgeoning field, fueled in part by artificial intelligence and machine learning opportunities.
While Python is used for the great majority of data science, data science frameworks such as TensorFlow, PyTorch, Apache Spark, and NumPy are becoming more popular. This guide will go over all of them:
A. TensorFlow
What exactly is TensorFlow? TensorFlow is a Google open-source machine learning (ML) platform based on deep-learning neural networks. TensorFlow is an open-source library and set of tools for developing and deploying machine learning-powered applications. Speech recognition, picture recognition, gesture recognition, object localisation, translation, optical character recognition, voice synthesis, and text categorization are all examples of on-device deep learning.
Tensorflow Framework Examples: Google Translate, FaceNet, Mozilla’s Deep Speech, Google RankBrain
B. PyTorch
What exactly is PyTorch? PyTorch is an open-source machine learning framework that may be used to create deep learning models. Because it provides a versatile approach to developing neural networks, the framework is mostly utilized in AI. Image classification, object detection, and natural language processing are some PyTorch framework examples.
C. Apache Spark
What exactly is Apache Spark? Apache Spark is an open-source big data analytics and processing framework. It supports a wide range of programming languages, including Java, Scala, Python, and R, making it a viable alternative for a wide range of developers and data scientists. Large-scale data processing and analytics, real-time stream processing, machine learning, predictive analytics, real-time stream processing, and data streaming are some Apache Spark Framework examples.
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